The American Association of Endodontists (AAE) provides key information on the safety, effectiveness, and benefits of root canal treatments. According to them, root canals are highly successful procedures for saving natural teeth, dispelling myths about health risks associated with the treatment.
While endodontists consider root canal therapy as generally safe, infections occur at least on rare occasions.
In this article, we’ll dive deep into this subject and provide actionable tips on how to prevent a root canal infection from getting worse.
Understanding Root Canal Infections
The causes of infection can be traced to the following factors:
- A cracked or chipped tooth
- Damage to the tooth root
- Tooth decay
- Multiple dental procedures
They happen when microorganisms enter and spread within the dental pulp and root canal system.
Multiple culture studies have shown that E. faecalis is the most commonly found species in root canals of teeth that have undergone endodontic treatment, with its prevalence reported in up to 90% of cases. Teeth that have had root canal treatment are about nine times more likely to contain E. faecalis compared to those with primary infections.
These microbes and their by-products quickly reach surrounding tissues, triggering inflammation. This inflammation damages both soft and hard tissues because of immune cells working to fight the infection. These cells also bring in others that break down bone. This process creates a hollow space in the bone that gets filled with debris, cholesterol crystals, and various immune cells.
How Prevalent Are Root Canal Infections?
Although modern endodontics has made significant advances in the mechanical cleaning of root canals, infections, and related apical periodontitis lesions can still occur. Recent systematic reviews have shown that the prevalence of apical periodontitis has increased over the past 8–9 years, largely due to insufficient endodontic and restorative procedures.
In Europe, 34–61% of people are affected by apical periodontitis, involving 2.8–4.2% of teeth, with higher rates seen in older adults.
In Western countries, estimates suggest that 41–59% of people have had at least one root canal, yet 24–65% of these show persistent apical periodontitis on X-rays.
It’s also important to remember that there are cases where root canal infection can be asymptomatic, meaning you could have an infection without noticing it. That’s why it’s always best to be proactive, especially if you’ve undergone a highly invasive dental treatment such as a root canal.
Infections without symptoms can only be detected by a dentist through an X-ray during regular checkups.
How Fast Can Root Canal Infection Spread?
A root canal infection can spread two to three days after the root canal therapy. However, its rate can depend on several factors, including the individual’s health, the type of bacteria involved, and how promptly treatment is sought.
Here’s an overview of the different stages of infection:
- Initial Infection: The infection usually starts in the dental pulp due to decay, trauma, or cracks in the tooth.
- Spread to Surrounding Tissues: The infection can spread from the root of the tooth to the surrounding tissues, such as the gums and jawbone, often within a week or two. This can lead to the formation of an abscess.
- Systemic Spread: In severe cases, the infection can enter the bloodstream, potentially affecting other parts of the body. This can happen in a matter of weeks, particularly in individuals with compromised immune systems.
Root Canal Infection Symptoms To Watch Out For
It’s easy to discount the possibility of a root canal infection if common signs such as pain aren’t evident. However, pain isn’t always a sign of an infection. Therefore, recognizing the signs of potential issues after your treatment is crucial to preventing further complications. So, here are other symptoms to watch for to ensure a smooth and stress-free recovery.
Pus discharge
If you had an abscess before your root canal and it lingers beyond 7–10 days, it’s a clear sign that the infection hasn’t been eliminated. Often, this pocket may ooze pus or fluid, even if it doesn’t cause pain. Nevertheless, a swollen, pus-filled abscess on the gums near the affected tooth signals infected tissue and must be addressed immediately.
Swelling
The mouth hosts hundreds of types of microbes that live together in a balanced community. However, the dental pulp inside the tooth is normally sterile, and any invasion by these microbes is a sign of disease. This invasion leads to inflammation and can spread infection to the surrounding tissues.
Bad smell and foul taste in the mouth
Pay attention if the taste is concentrated around the affected tooth. If a foul taste accompanied by a bad smell is present or lingers around your root canal, it’s a tell-tale sign of an infection.
Preventing Root Canal Infection
If you suspect an infection (e.g., severe toothache, swelling, or sensitivity), consult a dentist in Upland California promptly. Your dentist may prescribe antibiotics to help manage the infection, especially if it’s severe or has spread.
Attending any follow-up appointments is also crucial to ensure the infection is resolved and the tooth is healing properly.
But the most important way to avoid infecting your root canal is to maintain good oral hygiene. Brush your teeth at least twice a day and floss daily to remove plaque and food particles. Consider using an antibacterial mouthwash to reduce bacteria.
In terms of your diet, reduce sugary snacks and drinks, which can contribute to tooth decay. Choose a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and dairy products.
Also, avoid smoking and tobacco use as it can hinder healing and increase the risk of infections.
An Upland Dentist Can Help
By following these practices, you can significantly reduce the risk of developing a root canal infection and maintain better overall oral health. If you have any specific concerns, it’s always best to consult with your Upland dentist. For prompt and tailored dental service, book an appointment with us at Upland Dental Practice.